- Prosauropods
- Prosauropods were some of the earliest plant eaters. They lived in the late Triassic and early Jurassic.
- Protofeathers
- Primitive feathers that were not suitable for flight. Their design was not aerodynamic and they were most likely used for insulation and display. However, it is speculated that animals with these feathers may have used them to help stabilize themselves while running. Eventually, running evolved into gliding, and gliding evolved into the ability to fly.
- Pterosaurs
- Pterosaurs are commonly mistaken to be flying dinosaurs, but in fact they were flying reptiles and were not members of the dinosaur family. They did, however, live at the same time as the dinosaurs and were an important part of the ecosystem. Perhaps the most famous of the Pterosaurs is Pteranodon. There were many different species of Pterosaurs, some small, and others with a wingspan of close to 50 feet. They disappeared along with the dinosaurs during the extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period.
- Ptilodus
- Ptilodus was like a short-haired squirrel with the tail of an opossum. It grew to about 20 inches (50 cm) long and had sharp claws for climbing and sharp, chisel-like teeth. It could use its tail like a third hand, curling it around branches to help it climb.
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